Requirements for adhesives
Building structural adhesives are used for bonding the stressed components of structures. They need to withstand the designed stress and environmental effects for a long time. Generally, it is required that the stress that the bonded joint can bear is equivalent to the strength of the bonded object itself.
Building sealant is generally used for sealing the joints between building components. Its main functions include waterproofing, sound insulation, energy conservation, corrosion prevention, pollution prevention, and structural elastic connection.
Furthermore, the civil and construction industries also utilize functional adhesives for purposes such as road joints, road signs, decoration, and bridge erection.
Adhesives commonly used in the civil engineering and construction industries
Epoxy resin adhesive
Epoxy resin adhesives are generally used as structural adhesives. The main resin in them is usually bisphenol A type epoxy resin, which has excellent bonding performance, mechanical properties and chemical stability, and is relatively cost-effective.
Epoxy resin adhesives can achieve room temperature curing. After curing, they not only can withstand high stress levels but also possess functions such as lubrication, filling, sealing, anti-seepage, and preventing joint corrosion. They have been widely applied in fields such as concrete structure splicing, repair, steel bonding, and carbon fiber cloth pasting for reinforcement.
The brittle nature of bisphenol A type epoxy resin cured bodies is relatively high. In practical applications, their toughness is usually enhanced by adding toughening agents or toughening resins.
Polyacrylate structural adhesive
Polyacrylate structural adhesives are formed by copolymerization of acrylate monomers and other functional monomers.They are excellent bonding performance, strong adhesion, excellent water resistance, good weather resistance, good color retention, and convenient to use.
Currently, they are mainly used for sealing various small concrete joint gaps, gypsum board joint gaps, door and window frame joint gaps, as well as the gaps in household decoration projects.
Polyurethane adhesive
Polyurethane sealants have excellent adhesion, high elasticity, high tensile strength, good wear resistance, cold resistance and oil resistance, and a long service life.
Specific applications include: bonding of concrete prefabricated components and filling and sealing of construction joints, sealing of door frames and concrete walls, sealing and bonding of glass curtain walls, bonding and sealing of lightweight building materials (such as insulation boards, aluminum-plastic decorative panels, sound-absorbing ceilings), waterproof sealing of balconies, water tanks, water storage tanks, sewage tanks, shafts, bathroom facilities, sealing at connection points of air conditioning and other systems, manufacturing of heat-insulating double-glazed glass, sealing of pipeline penetration holes in walls and floors, sealing of joint areas between baseboards and thresholds, sealing of roof and drainage ditches, sealing of expansion joints in high-grade roads, bridges, and aircraft runways, sealing of expansion joints in elevated roads, connection sealing at joints of various materials such as sewer pipes, underground gas pipelines, and electrical circuit pipes, sealing at connection points of subway tunnels and other underground passages.
Silicone sealant
In the construction industry, they are generally divided into silicone structural sealant and silicone weather-resistant sealant.
Silicone structural sealant has strong adhesion, high tensile strength, and excellent weather resistance, moisture-proof, anti-odor, and the ability to adapt to large temperature changes and good seismic resistance. It can achieve adhesion with most building materials and is suitable for the bonding of high-security structures such as high-rise and super-high-rise glass curtain walls, large-sized glass curtain walls, and complex structural glass curtain walls.
Silicone weather-resistant sealant is mainly used for the joints between various curtain wall panels, as well as for sealing between curtain wall panels and decorative surfaces, structural surfaces, and metal frames.
Sulfurized adhesive
Sulfurized adhesives are mainly composed of liquid polysulfide rubber as the main ingredient and are prepared by mixing various additives. They are mainly used for sealing. This type of sealant possesses excellent properties such as good adhesion, water resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and heat aging resistance.
